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open_source:ccgx:ccgx_traffic_counting

Traffic counting on the CCGX

There are situation in which it is interesting to know the traffic usage of the color control. This can be done on the GX device using iptables. To do so requires a number of changes on the GX device, which are described here.

The rules

The following commands clear the existing rules from iptables and add rules for counting specific traffic.

#Flush all
iptables -F
#Delete all user defined chains
iptables -X


#ACCEPT traffic to local host
iptables -I INPUT -s 127.0.0.0/8 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OUTPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j ACCEPT
#ACCEPT traffic to the local LAN
iptables -I INPUT -s 10.0.0.0/8 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OUTPUT -d 10.0.0.0/8 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -s 172.16.0.0/12 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OUTPUT -d 172.16.0.0/12 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OUTPUT -d 192.168.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT

#ACCEPT multicast traffic
iptables -I INPUT -d 224.0.0.0/4 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OUTPUT -d 224.0.0.0/4 -j ACCEPT

#ACCEPT broadcast traffic (dhcp)
iptables -I INPUT -d 255.255.255.255 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OUTPUT -d 255.255.255.255 -j ACCEPT

#Send all remaining traffic to OTHER_IN/OUT and log
iptables -N OTHER_IN
#The following line can oly be used when the xt_limit kernel module is available
#iptables -A OTHER_IN -j LOG -m limit --limit 10/hour --log-prefix "IPTables-OTHER_IN: " --log-level 7
iptables -A OTHER_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N OTHER_OUT
#The following line can oly be used when the xt_limit kernel module is available
#iptables -A OTHER_OUT -j LOG -m limit --limit 10/hour --log-prefix "IPTables-OTHER_IN: " --log-level 7
iptables -A OTHER_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -g OTHER_IN
iptables -A OUTPUT -g OTHER_OUT

iptables -N REMOTE_SUPPORT_IN
iptables -I REMOTE_SUPPORT_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N REMOTE_SUPPORT_OUT
iptables -I REMOTE_SUPPORT_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -s supporthost.victronenergy.com -g REMOTE_SUPPORT_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -d supporthost.victronenergy.com -g REMOTE_SUPPORT_OUT

iptables -N VRM_IN
iptables -I VRM_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N VRM_OUT
iptables -I VRM_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -s ccgxlogging.victronenergy.com -g VRM_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -d ccgxlogging.victronenergy.com -g VRM_OUT

iptables -N UPDATE_IN
iptables -I UPDATE_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N UPDATE_OUT
iptables -I UPDATE_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -s updates.victronenergy.com -g UPDATE_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -d updates.victronenergy.com -g UPDATE_OUT

iptables -N PUBNUB_IN
iptables -I PUBNUB_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N PUBNUB_OUT
iptables -I PUBNUB_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -s 54.246.196.128/26 -g PUBNUB_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -d 54.246.196.128/26 -g PUBNUB_OUT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -s 54.93.127.192/26 -g PUBNUB_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -d 54.93.127.192/26 -g PUBNUB_OUT

iptables -N NTP_IN
iptables -I NTP_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N NTP_OUT
iptables -I NTP_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -p udp --sport 123 -g NTP_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -p udp --dport 123 -g NTP_OUT

iptables -N DNS_IN
iptables -I DNS_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N DNS_OUT
iptables -I DNS_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -p tcp --sport domain -g DNS_IN
iptables -I OTHER_IN -p udp --sport domain -g DNS_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -p tcp --dport domain -g DNS_OUT
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -p udp --dport domain -g DNS_OUT

#Connman online check
iptables -N CONNMAN_IN
iptables -I CONNMAN_IN -j ACCEPT
iptables -N CONNMAN_OUT
iptables -I CONNMAN_OUT -j ACCEPT
iptables -I OTHER_IN -s ipv4.connman.net -g CONNMAN_IN
iptables -I OTHER_OUT -d ipv4.connman.net -g CONNMAN_OUT

Scripts

The configuration of iptables is normally lost between reboots. The following code should be placed in the file /etc/init.d/iptables.sh

#!/bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          iptables
# Required-Start:    $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Set up iptables
### END INIT INFO

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
NAME=iptables.sh
DESC="iptables"

case "$1" in
  start)
        echo -n "Starting $DESC: "
        if [ -e /var/run/iptables ]; then
                echo "iptables is already started!"
                exit 1
        else
                touch /var/run/iptables
        fi

        # Load saved rules
        if [ -f /etc/iptables/rules ]; then
                iptables-restore -c < /etc/iptables/rules
        fi
        echo "$NAME."
        ;;
  stop)
        echo -n "Stopping $DESC: "
        if [ ! -e /var/run/iptables ]; then
                echo "iptables is already stopped!"
                exit 1
        else
                rm /var/run/iptables
        fi

        mkdir -p /etc/iptables
        # Backup old rules
        if [ -f /etc/iptables/rules ]; then
                cp /etc/iptables/rules /etc/iptables/rules.bak
        fi
        # Save new rules
        iptables-save -c > /etc/iptables/rules

        # Revert to Default Policy
        iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
        iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
        iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT

        # Flush all rules and delete all custom chains
        iptables -F
        iptables -X
        echo "$NAME."
        ;;
  restart|force-reload)
        echo -n "Restarting $DESC: "
        $0 stop
        $0 start
        echo "$NAME."
        ;;
  backup)
        mkdir -p /etc/iptables
        # Backup old rules
        if [ -f /etc/iptables/rules ]; then
                cp /etc/iptables/rules /etc/iptables/rules.bak
        fi
        # Save new rules
        iptables-save -c > /etc/iptables/rules
        ;;  
  log-reset)
        mkdir -p /log/iptables/
        iptables -L -v -x -n -Z > /log/iptables/iptables-"$2"
        ;;
  *)
        N=/etc/init.d/$NAME
        echo "Usage: $N {start|stop|restart|force-reload|backup|log-reset}" >&2
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

exit 0

Then also execute the following command to make the script executable:

chmod +x /etc/init.d/iptables.sh

This allows shutting down the traffic counting using

/etc/init.d/iptables.sh stop

and start it using

/etc/init.d/iptables.sh start

.

When the traffic counting is stopped in this way, the current count values are stored together with the rules, allowing it to continue in the state it was stopped.

When the traffic counting should be started and stopped on startup and reboot of the GX device, the following commands should also be executed:

ln -s /etc/init.d/iptables.sh /etc/rc5.d/S04iptables
ln -s /etc/init.d/iptables.sh /etc/rc6.d/K50iptables

By adding the following line to /etc/crontab, the current rules and counts will be backed up every 10 minutes, protecting them more or less from hard resets:

*/10    *       *       *       *       root    /etc/init.d/iptables.sh backup

Viewing the data

After executing these commands, the traffic is counted by iptables. The data can be viewed by giving the command

iptables -L -x -v -n

The following is an example output:

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
      78    25590 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            255.255.255.255
    1033   141226 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            224.0.0.0/4
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       192.168.0.0/16       0.0.0.0/0
   15848  1778034 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       172.16.0.0/12        0.0.0.0/0
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       10.0.0.0/8           0.0.0.0/0
    8438   660949 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       127.0.0.0/8          0.0.0.0/0
   13432  2313739 OTHER_IN   all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            255.255.255.255
     173    33763 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            224.0.0.0/4
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            192.168.0.0/16
   16646  4024183 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            172.16.0.0/12
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            10.0.0.0/8
    8438   660949 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            127.0.0.0/8
   24853  7624844 OTHER_OUT  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

Chain CONNMAN_IN (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
      11      960 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain CONNMAN_OUT (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
      10      758 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain DNS_IN (2 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain DNS_OUT (2 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain NTP_IN (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       3      228 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain NTP_OUT (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
      39     2964 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain OTHER_IN (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
      11      960 CONNMAN_IN  all  --  *      *       87.106.208.187       0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
       0        0 DNS_IN     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]  udp spt:53
       0        0 DNS_IN     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]  tcp spt:53
       3      228 NTP_IN     udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]  udp spt:123
       0        0 PUBNUB_IN  all  --  *      *       54.93.127.192/26     0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
       0        0 PUBNUB_IN  all  --  *      *       54.246.196.128/26    0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
       0        0 UPDATE_IN  all  --  *      *       185.24.223.128       0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
   11808  2161730 VRM_IN     all  --  *      *       46.19.32.79          0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
    1610   150821 REMOTE_SUPPORT_IN  all  --  *      *       77.72.145.194        0.0.0.0/0           [goto]
       0        0 LOG        all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 10/hour burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix "IPTables-OTHER_IN: "
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain OTHER_OUT (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
      10      758 CONNMAN_OUT  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            87.106.208.187      [goto]
       0        0 DNS_OUT    udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]  udp dpt:53
       0        0 DNS_OUT    tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]  tcp dpt:53
      39     2964 NTP_OUT    udp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]  udp dpt:123
       0        0 PUBNUB_OUT  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            54.93.127.192/26    [goto]
       0        0 PUBNUB_OUT  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            54.246.196.128/26   [goto]
       0        0 UPDATE_OUT  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            185.24.223.128      [goto]
   21431  7309572 VRM_OUT    all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            46.19.32.79         [goto]
    3373   311550 REMOTE_SUPPORT_OUT  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            77.72.145.194       [goto]
       0        0 LOG        all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            limit: avg 10/hour burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix "IPTables-OTHER_IN: "
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain PUBNUB_IN (2 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain PUBNUB_OUT (2 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain REMOTE_SUPPORT_IN (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
    1610   150821 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain REMOTE_SUPPORT_OUT (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
    3373   311550 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain UPDATE_IN (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain UPDATE_OUT (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
       0        0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain VRM_IN (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
   11808  2161730 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

Chain VRM_OUT (1 references)
    pkts      bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
   21431  7309572 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0

The second column of the lines

   13432  2313739 OTHER_IN   all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

and

   24853  7624844 OTHER_OUT  all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           [goto]

show the incoming and outgoing traffic (in bytes) that is not for the local LAN. This is roughly the traffic that would normally be counted by the provider.

The lines under

Chain OTHER_IN

and

Chain OTHER_OUT

show the amount of traffic used by the different services running on the GX device.

The following line also resets the counters (besides showing the current values):

iptables -L -x -v -n -Z

Warning: The current values are not stored anywhere and thus are lost!

By adding the following line to /etc/crontab, the overview is stored per day in /log/iptables/iptables-YYYY-MM-DD-HH-MM-SS and the counters reset, giving a traffic counting per day:

@daily                                  root    /etc/init.d/iptables.sh log-reset $(date +\%F-\%H-\%M-\%S)
open_source/ccgx/ccgx_traffic_counting.txt · Last modified: 2021-03-20 02:48 by guystewart

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